But if they're reading and then updating the same table, unless they could ensure that nothing else touched that table during the time it would take to process the box scores, I don't think relocating the data to another server would help.
But for the game calculations, you are sure that, during the quarter before the start of the games, the datas needed by the process can't be updated by the user. The key here is not to copy all the datas in the tables, but only the relevant datas. For example, it's obvious that the game calculations need the table wich contains the players, and that a player can change of owner during the calculations. But:
1) the process doesn't need all the BB players.
2) the process needs to know the owner to start the calculation but doesn't need to update the owner at the end of the process.
I'm not sure we can really analyze that fully without knowing the relevant code. Just as a hypothetical, what if player's experience level is updated with each minute of play - and then the updated value of experience reflects in further calculations? I don't consider this to be a likely scenario, but if that's the case, there'll be some small discrepancies.
I think more than this, though, it just seems an odd design choice to have the box scores be calculated after the completion of the game rather than as part of the output of the simulation itself. There may need to be some final summation performed, but the stats themselves could be updated into appropriate objects/tables and then as the match concludes, any necessary summation can be performed independently. This could also lead to staging of the box scores - i.e., immediately after the game you have the stats of both teams and the tactics/enthusiasm choice. If ratings and PP100 require more calculation, those could be blank with the note that "the reporters are finishing up their match ratings" or some flavor text like that. But there's certainly no reason at all that the tactics/enthusiasm should not be immediately visible (heck, even in the viewer!), and there's not a particularly good reason that the players' statlines should not be visible as well.